Explain the Syntax and Structure in C# with free notes

Syntax and Structure in C#

C# is a modern, object-oriented programming language with a syntax similar to other C-style languages like C++, Java, and JavaScript. Understanding the syntax and structure of C# is crucial for writing effective and efficient code. Here’s an introduction to the main components with explanations and notes.

Basic Structure and Syntax of C#

A simple C# program typically includes the following elements:

1. Namespace

using System;
namespace HelloWorld

• using: The using directive allows the use of types in a namespace so that you don’t have to fully qualify the type name. For example, “System.Console.WriteLine” can be written as “Console.WriteLine” if using System; is specified.
• namespace: A namespace is a collection of classes, interfaces, structs, enums, and delegates. Namespaces help organize code and prevent name conflicts.

2. Class

-> class Program

• -> class: A class is a blueprint for creating objects. It defines a type by encapsulating data and behaviors.
• Program: This is the name of the class. It is a user-defined identifier that should follow the naming conventions (PascalCase).

3. Methods

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
}

• static: Indicates that the method belongs to the class itself rather than an instance of the class.
• void: The return type of the method, indicating that this method does not return a value.
• Main: The entry point of a C# application. It is called by the runtime to start the program.
• string[] args: An array of strings representing command-line arguments.

4. Statement and Expressions

Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");

• Console.WriteLine: A method call that outputs the specified string to the console.
• Statements: In C#, a statement is a complete instruction. Statements end with a semicolon (;).
• Expressions: Combinations of variables, operators, and method calls that produce a value.